While cutting plate metals by the use of laser machine, different problems may occur.
To achieve top quality mind the following problems and suggested outcomes for them.
Technology of cutting puncture.
In general, for thermal cutting system drilling hole on plate metals is required. Though there is an exception for some cases. A hole is made by punching jig of the laser engraving device and the laser realizes cutting.
These are the core cutting modes for laser machines possessing no stamping equipment:
Eruption puncture
A ditch is shaped on the plate as a result of permanent laser radiation, later oxygen stream discards the fuse area shaping a hole. Hole size is determined by sheet density. The blasting punch usually has a diameter half size of the sheet density. Thus, the punch slot of considerably dense sheets is bigger and not circular. Moreover, oxygen enforcement of punching and that of cutting do not differ and it splashes extremely much.
Vibration perforation
A vibration laser possessing top power can be applied in melting or vaporizing little area of sheets. Air or nitrogen serve as a supplemental gas to decrease the punch enlargement owing to oxidation.
Oxygen pressure is higher compared to the gas pressure. After aperture is produced, replace the supplement gas with oxygen to realize cutting.
In this case the aperture possesses less diameter and a higher quality is achieved. To gain this having higher power of laser is not enough. The time and spread features of beams are essential.
Consequently, the common laser CO2 stream is not appropriate for laser cutting. The vibration perforation needs dependable gas control frame to manage the gas type, pressure adjustment and operation interval. To gain a top quality aperture the modification of vibration perforation to the continual cutting technology must be noted.
Shearing features like focal length, spout location as well as gas pressure may be modified. In industrial manufacturing modifying the normal laser potential is quite practical.
A particular mode is changing the vibration breadth and periodicity or both of them meanwhile. Practical outcomes have proved that the third method is the most excellent.
Analysis of small hollow deformity while cutting(little diameter and density)
This may occur as a result of not adopting the eruption perforation technique during producing holes, but applying vibration puncture in case of laser device with high power property. Because of this laser power focuses on a small spot too much, not affected area removes, which in its turn bring about hole deformity and reduces the outcome effect.
If so, vibration puncture mode(soft puncture) should be changed to eruption puncture(usual one). In case of laser machines featured with less power, the solution is to act in the opposite way. For better face property of little hollows using vibration puncture is a must.
Existence of a burr on the work piece while cutting low carbon steel and the suggested solution.
The main causes of a problem like this are:
Laser concentration is in the wrong location. Proper focus adjustment is demanded.
The laser outlet power is not sufficient. See if the generator functions as required. In case it is all right, check the correction of the laser control switch outlet value and make proper settings.
In case of not satisfactory cutting line speed rise it through function management.
Lack of gas clarity. Replace it with a proper gas.
Displacement of laser focus. Check the focus position and make proper settings.
If the device functions too long, switch it off and start again later to prevent inconstancy.
Dissection of imperfect laser cutting procedure.
These major reasons may be noted for this occasion:
Laser headpiece may not suit the sheet density.
Shearing rate is too high. Decrease the linear speed.
Besides, while cutting carbon steel sheet of 5 mm density, set 7.5 focal spread objective.
Non-normal outbreak occurs while cutting not high carbon steel.
If all the settings are all right, then note these tips:
The old headpiece must be substituted timely, otherwise gas pressure increase is expected.
The pin string at the headpiece base and shearing knob is weak. If so, cut off the operation on the spot and replace the pin string.
Perforation spots selection.
As a result of permanent laser radiation a ditch is shaped on the affected sheet, which turns into a hollow as a result the of dissolved part burst by air stream and laser shaft. This is taken by the laser shaft as a starting spot to realize outline cutting.
Usually the laser shaft course in the leap line is parallel to the contact course of the cut ridges. While the laser shaft penetrates sheets to produce outline cutting, velocity modifies in the vector course, which is 90 degrees. Contact course makes the contact line coincide with the cut outlines. The bevel with outline contact is 0 degree. This brings about hard face on the being cut metal. The reason may be the laser shaft move modifications in the vector course occur rapidly.
If designed pieces need no special smooth demands, the management software will mechanically produce perforation points. Nevertheless, in case of smooth demand existence, the beginning location of the laser shaft should be set by hand. It means that puncture point needs hand management. Perforation point adjustment by laser software is compulsory to gain face correction for designed pieces.
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